See joug on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_text": "Related to yoke; see jougs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jougs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The crossbar joining the shafts of an ox-drawn cart."
],
"id": "en-joug-en-noun-HRkHZw2W",
"links": [
[
"crossbar",
"crossbar"
],
[
"shaft",
"shaft"
],
[
"ox",
"ox"
],
[
"cart",
"cart"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1873, John Murray (publishers.), Handbook for travellers in Scotland (page 261)",
"text": "About 6 ft. from the ground is fastened \"the joug,\" an iron collar in the wall, used to confine prisoners before it was thought worth while to build prisons or cages for them."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of jougs (“chained iron collar for sinners”)."
],
"id": "en-joug-en-noun-zf7Bqlr1",
"links": [
[
"jougs",
"jougs#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "chained iron collar for sinners",
"tags": [
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"synonym-of"
],
"word": "jougs"
}
]
}
],
"word": "joug"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_text": "Compare jug.",
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{
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"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
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"examples": [
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],
"ref": "2022, Graham Simpson, From Croft to Craft, page 347:",
"text": "A gallon equaled three Scottish pints or jougs.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"Synonym of Scottish pint."
],
"id": "en-joug-en-noun-QhhIITl0",
"links": [
[
"Scottish pint",
"Scottish pint#English"
]
],
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{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
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}
]
}
],
"word": "joug"
}
{
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{
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},
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},
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},
{
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"2": "ine-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yugóm",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French joug, from Old French jug, jou, jof, from Latin jugum, iugum, from Proto-Italic *jugom, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jougs",
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}
],
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],
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{
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"yoke"
],
"id": "en-joug-fr-noun-wUs3q3ob",
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[
"yoke",
"yoke"
]
],
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"masculine"
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},
{
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],
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"balance beam"
],
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[
"balance beam",
"balance beam"
]
],
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"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʒu/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʒuɡ/"
},
{
"homophone": "joue"
},
{
"homophone": "jouent"
},
{
"homophone": "joues"
},
{
"homophone": "jougs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
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}
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},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *joki.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jo’ug",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "jo’ug",
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[
"jo’ug",
"joug#Livonian"
]
],
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},
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"form": "jougūd",
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"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ug",
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[
"jo’ug",
"joug#Livonian"
]
],
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"singular"
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},
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"form": "jougūd",
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"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugõ",
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[
"jo’ugõ",
"jougõ#Livonian"
]
],
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"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jougīdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugõn",
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[
"jo’ugõn",
"jougõn#Livonian"
]
],
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"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jougūdõn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugkõks",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugkõks",
"jougkõks#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jougūdõks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugõ",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugõ",
"jougõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugži",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugži",
"jougži#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugsõ",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugsõ",
"jougsõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugši",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugši",
"jougši#Livonian"
]
],
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"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugstõ",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugstõ",
"jougstõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugšti",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugšti",
"jougšti#Livonian"
]
],
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"elative",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
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"head": "jo’ug"
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],
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],
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},
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],
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"river"
],
"id": "en-joug-liv-noun-X1qO2PE5",
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[
"river",
"river"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈjoˀuɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈjo̯ˀuɡ̥]"
}
],
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}
{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
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],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_text": "Related to yoke; see jougs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jougs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "joug (plural jougs)",
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The crossbar joining the shafts of an ox-drawn cart."
],
"links": [
[
"crossbar",
"crossbar"
],
[
"shaft",
"shaft"
],
[
"ox",
"ox"
],
[
"cart",
"cart"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1873, John Murray (publishers.), Handbook for travellers in Scotland (page 261)",
"text": "About 6 ft. from the ground is fastened \"the joug,\" an iron collar in the wall, used to confine prisoners before it was thought worth while to build prisons or cages for them."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of jougs (“chained iron collar for sinners”)."
],
"links": [
[
"jougs",
"jougs#English"
]
],
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{
"extra": "chained iron collar for sinners",
"tags": [
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],
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}
]
}
],
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}
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_text": "Compare jug.",
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{
"form": "jougs",
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"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
"expansion": "joug (plural jougs)",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Scottish pint."
],
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"Scottish pint",
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]
],
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{
"tags": [
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"synonym-of"
],
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]
}
],
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}
{
"categories": [
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"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
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"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
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"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:French/u",
"Rhymes:French/u/1 syllable"
],
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},
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],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French joug, from Old French jug, jou, jof, from Latin jugum, iugum, from Proto-Italic *jugom, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm.",
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{
"form": "jougs",
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"yoke"
],
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[
"yoke",
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]
],
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"balance beam"
],
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[
"balance beam",
"balance beam"
]
],
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"masculine"
]
}
],
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},
{
"ipa": "/ʒuɡ/"
},
{
"homophone": "joue"
},
{
"homophone": "jouent"
},
{
"homophone": "joues"
},
{
"homophone": "jougs"
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{
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{
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"form": "no-table-tags",
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"form": "liv-decl",
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"jo’ug",
"joug#Livonian"
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"form": "jougūd",
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"nominative",
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},
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"form": "jo’ug",
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[
"jo’ug",
"joug#Livonian"
]
],
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"genitive",
"singular"
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"form": "jougūd",
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"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugõ",
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[
"jo’ugõ",
"jougõ#Livonian"
]
],
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"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jougīdi",
"source": "declension",
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"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugõn",
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[
"jo’ugõn",
"jougõn#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jougūdõn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugkõks",
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[
"jo’ugkõks",
"jougkõks#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jougūdõks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugõ",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugõ",
"jougõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugži",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugži",
"jougži#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugsõ",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugsõ",
"jougsõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugši",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugši",
"jougši#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugstõ",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugstõ",
"jougstõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jo’ugšti",
"links": [
[
"jo’ugšti",
"jougšti#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "noun",
"head": "jo’ug"
},
"expansion": "jo’ug",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "75",
"2": "jo’ug"
},
"name": "liv-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Livonian",
"lang_code": "liv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Livonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Livonian lemmas",
"Livonian nouns",
"Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Livonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"river"
],
"links": [
[
"river",
"river"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈjoˀuɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈjo̯ˀuɡ̥]"
}
],
"word": "joug"
}
Download raw JSONL data for joug meaning in All languages combined (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.